Use archives within Linux CLI

Lin­ux Serv­er

Tar

• Note .tgz === .tar.gz

Cre­ate a gzip-com­pressed archive

tar czvf archived-file.tar.gz /my/directory/or/file_1 /my/directory/or/file_2

• -c, --create – cre­ate a new archive,
• -z, --gzip – fil­ter the archive through gzip,
• -v, --verbose – ver­bose­ly list files processed,
• -f – use archive file or de­vice ARCHIVE – it must be the last op­tion, oth­er­wise you can use --file=ARCHIVE.

Ex­tract a gzip-com­pressed archive

tar xzvf my-file.tar.gz

• -x, --extract, --get – ex­tract files from an archive,
• The rest op­tions are the same as the above,
• the com­pres­sion type (-z in this case) could be omit­ted, be­cause tar will de­tect it au­to­mat­i­cal­ly.

Ex­tract bzip2-com­pressed archives

tar -xjf nextcloud-[version].tar.bz2

7zip

7zip is not in­stalled by de­fault with most Lin­ux dis­tri­b­u­tions, so on De­bian based dis­tri­b­u­tion you can in­stall it by the fol­low­ing com­mand.

sudo apt update && sudo apt install p7zip-full

IMO, 7zip is the best or at least the most eas­i­est way to cre­ate pass­word pro­tect­ed com­pressed archive with­in the com­mand line.

Cre­ate a 7z-com­pressed archive

7z a archive.7z /directory/or/file # create 7z compressed archive
7z a archive.7z * -p               # create password protected archive, enter the password in prompt
7z a archive.7z * -p'SECRET @#!'   # create password protected archive, append the password to the command

• a – cre­ate archive,
• -p – pass­word pro­tect­ed [fol­lowed by the pass phrase].

Ex­tract a 7z-com­pressed archive

7z x archive.7z     # extract an archive in the current directory
7z x archive.7z -p  # extract a password protected archive in the current directory
7z x archive.7z -p'SECRET @#!'              # append the password to the command
7z x archive.7z -p'SECRET' -o'/otput/dir/'  # set an output directory

• x – ex­tract,
• -o – out­put di­rec­to­ry.

Un­zip

unzip nextcloud-[version].zip

Ref­er­ence

• Ubun­tu man pages: tar
• Stack Over­flow: 7‑Zip com­mand to cre­ate and ex­tract a pass­word-pro­tect­ed ZIP file on Win­dows?
• How to Cre­ate an En­crypt­ed (Pass­word Pro­tect­ed) Tar or Zip Archive in Lin­ux
• How to pass­word pro­tect gzip files on the com­mand line?
• How do I pass­word pro­tect a .tgz file with tar in Unix?
• 7zip des­ti­na­tion fold­er -o
• 7z -o (set Out­put di­rec­to­ry) switch

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