SSD/NVMe Tweaks (TRIM/Discard): Difference between revisions

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* [https://easylinuxtipsproject.blogspot.com/p/ssd.html Easy Linux Tips Project: SSD: how to optimize your Solid State Drive for Linux Mint and Ubuntu]
* [https://easylinuxtipsproject.blogspot.com/p/ssd.html Easy Linux Tips Project: SSD: how to optimize your Solid State Drive for Linux Mint and Ubuntu]


== Swap and Swapiness ==
== See also ==
Swappiness is a part of Linux kernel that let you control how much swap (virtual memory) file is being used. Swappiness values can be changed from 0 to 100. The higher swappiness values the more Linux kernel will try to use swap space, the lower swappiness values means linux kernel will useless or try not to use swap space depends on our setting. The default swappiness value from linux kernel is 60, if your system have plenty have RAM, you should avoid using swap space which writes and reads will be on your SSD or hard drive. For system with 4 GB or more RAM, I would suggest to reduce the usage of swap by changing swappiness settings to between 10 even 0.
* [[Linux Swap and Swapfile]]
{| class="wikitable"
* [[Preload Tool for Better System Performance]]
!RAM
!'''Swapiness'''
!Comment
|-
|Default
|60
|<code>cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness</code>
|-
|2GB
|30
|
|-
|4GB
|10
|OK
|-
|6GB or more
|0
|?
|}
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell" line="1">
sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf
</syntaxhighlight><syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
vm.swappiness = 10
</syntaxhighlight>
 
References:
 
*


== Common References ==
== Common References ==

Revision as of 18:04, 17 August 2022

Lin­ux Desk­top
Lin­ux Serv­er

Note, with­in the ex­am­ples in the fol­low­ing sec­tions, /​​​dev/​​​sda refers to a SSD de­vice while /​​​dev/​​​nvme0n1 refers to a NVMe de­vice.

Get Full SSD/​​​NVMe De­vice In­fo

For SSD de­vices use:

smartctl -x /dev/sda            # -x, --xall; -a, --all
hdparm -I /dev/sda              # doesn't support NVMe

For NVMe de­vices use:

smartctl -x /dev/nvme0n1        # -x, --xall; -a, --all
nvme smart-log -H /dev/nvme0n1  # apt install nvme-cli

Tweak the AMP val­ue of SSD

Most Lin­ux dis­tri­b­u­tions use Lin­ux Kernel’s “Ad­vanced Pow­er Man­age­ment (APM)” API to han­dle con­fig­u­ra­tion, op­ti­mize per­for­mance, and en­sure sta­bil­i­ty of stor­age de­vices. These de­vices are as­signed an APM val­ue be­tween 1 and 255 to con­trol their pow­er man­age­ment thresh­olds. A val­ue of 254 in­di­cates best per­for­mance, while a val­ue of 1 in­di­cates bet­ter pow­er man­age­ment. As­sign­ing a val­ue of 255 will dis­able APM al­to­geth­er. By de­fault, SS­Ds are as­signed an APM of 254 when the sys­tem is run­ning on ex­ter­nal pow­er. In bat­tery mode, the APM lev­el is set to 128, re­duc­ing the read and write speeds of SS­Ds. This ar­ti­cle ex­plains how to in­crease SSD APM lev­els to 254 when your Lin­ux lap­top is run­ning on bat­tery mode.

sudo hdparm -B254 /dev/sda

Get the cur­rent AMP val­ue.

sudo hdparm -B /dev/sda

Test the per­for­mance.

sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda

Ref­er­ences

En­able TRIM/​​​Discard in FSTab

TRIM (Trim com­mand let an OS know which SSD blocks are not be­ing used and can be cleared).

sudo nano /etc/fstab

#/dev/disk/by-uuid/09e7c8ed-fb55-4a44-8be4-18b1696fc714 / ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/disk/by-uuid/09e7c8ed-fb55-4a44-8be4-18b1696fc714 / ext4 discard,async,noatime,nodiratime,errors=remount-ro 0 1

Warn­ing: Users need to be cer­tain that their SSD sup­ports TRIM be­fore at­tempt­ing to use it. Da­ta loss can oc­cur oth­er­wise! Tp test whether the SSD de­vice sup­ports TRIM/​​​Discard op­tion you can use ei­ther of the fol­low­ing com­mands. 

sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep TRIM

* Data Set Management TRIM supported (limit 8 blocks)

sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda | grep TRIM

TRIM Command:     Available

To test does an NVMe sup­ports TRIM (phys­i­cal dis­card op­tion) the out­put of the fol­low­ing com­mand must be greater than 0.

Ref­er­ences

Set the au­to­mat­ic TRIM job to dai­ly

sudo systemctl enable fstrim.timer

sudo mkdir /etc/systemd/system/fstrim.timer.d
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/fstrim.timer.d/override.conf

[Timer]
OnCalendar=
OnCalendar=daily

Re­boot the sys­tem or do dae­mon-re­load and check the up­dat­ed val­ue.

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl cat fstrim.timer

# /lib/systemd/system/fstrim.timer
[Unit]
Description=Discard unused blocks once a week
Documentation=man:fstrim
ConditionVirtualization=!container

[Timer]
OnCalendar=weekly
AccuracySec=1h
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target

# /etc/systemd/system/fstrim.timer.d/override.conf
[Timer]
OnCalendar=
OnCalendar=daily

Un­do the change if you need.

sudo rm -v /etc/systemd/system/fstrim.timer.d/override.conf

Ref­er­ences

See al­so

Com­mon Ref­er­ences


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